Reference List Format & Order
Format
Begin your reference list on a new page at the end of your text.
The list should be labelled "References" and should be centered, in bold, at the top of the page.
The entire list should be double-spaced.
Each entry should have a hanging indent of 0.5 inches.
Order
Entries should be ordered alphabetically by surname of the first author.
For authors with the same surname, order alphabetically by the first initial.
For entries without a listed author:
- Only use "Anonymous" as the author name if the work is signed "Anonymous." In which case, alphabetize as with Anonymous like you would a surname.
- Otherwise, start the entry with the title of the work and alphabetize by the first significant word in the title (i.e. ignore "A," "An," and "The" at the beginning of titles for alphabetization).
For ordering of entries by the same first author:
- Single-author entries by the same author are arranged chronologically from oldest to newest, with non-dated publications first and preprint/in-press last.
Fajardo, E. (n.d.).
Fajardo, E. (2015).
Fajardo, E. (2022).
Fajardo, E. (in press).
- Single-author entries always precede multi-author entries by the same author, regardless of date published.
Twomey, P. J. (2019).
Twomey, P. J., & McKenna, M. J. (2013).
- Multi-author entries with the exact same set of authors are arranged chronologically (same as single-author entries).
Nguyen, L. B., & Siddiqi, I. (2019).
Nguyen, L. B., & Siddiqi, I. (2021).
- Multi-author entries with the same first author but different co-authors should be arranged alphabetically by the surname of the second author. For entries where the first two authors are the same, alphabetically by the surname of the third author, and so forth.
Johnson, A. S., Park, L. P., & Unger, D. (2019).
Johnson, A. S., & Scott, M.(2017).
For ordering of entries by the same author and same year of publication:
- Place a lowercase letter after the year in both the in-text citation and reference list entry (i.e. "2022a," "2022b").
Rosen, A. F., & Auger, E. (2022a).
Rosen, A. F., & Auger, E. (2022b).
- For no date or in-press entries the format has a hyphen (i.e. "n.d.-a," "n.d.-b" and "in press-a," "in press-b").
- If entries are from the same year, but specify different month/date information, still differentiate with lowercase letters, and include the more specific date afterward (i.e. "2022a," "2022b, January 15").
